北京市一级一类幼儿园儿童膳食营养供给现状分析与评价

Analysis and Evaluation of Dietary Nutrition Supply of Preschool Children in First-level Kindergartens in Beijing

目的:分析并评价北京市一级一类幼儿园学龄前儿童膳食营养和身体发育状况,为制定幼儿园儿童科学合理的膳食供给提供依据。方法:采用整群随机抽样的方法选取北京市五所一级一类幼儿园共计1 656名儿童采用称量法和记账法进行连续5d膳食调查;依照标准进行体格检查和评价;同时测定血红蛋白。结果:幼儿园儿童锌、钙、维生素B1和维生素A的摄入不足,能量和其余营养素摄取均达到了参考摄入的标准。5所幼儿园中等及上等发育水平的比例WAZ为99.9%,HAZ为99.8%,WHZ为99.9%,儿童的发育水平较好。低体重、生长迟缓和消瘦的检出率分别为0.1%、0.2%和0.1%;超重和肥胖的检出率分别为6.3%和5.3%。贫血的患病率为0.7%。结论:北京市一级一类幼儿园儿童营养摄入与生长发育状态较好,但有部分微量营养素供给不足,能量过剩导致的超重和肥胖问题也比较突出,应当进一步加强托幼机构科学合理的膳食指导。

【Objective】To evaluate nutrition status and body development of preschool children in first-level kindergartens and provide scientific basis for children＇s adequate nutrition.【Method】Investigation was conducted in 1656 children aged 2-7 from 5 kindergartens with chester random sampling method in Beijing.Investigate their dietary nutrition using weighting and tally method and evaluate their nutritional status and test hemoglobin.【Result】All nutrients intake were adequate except calcium,zinc,vitamin A and vitamin B1 in Children.The percentage of medium and above medium growth level is WAZ 99.9%,HAZ 99.8%,WHZ 99.9%.The prevalence rate of lower-weight,reardate development,emaciation,overweight and obesity is 0.1%,0.2%,0.1%,6.3% and 5.3% respcetivey.Anemia accounted for 0.7%.【Conclusion】Nutrition intake and body development of children in first-level kindergarten are good,but some nutrition intake was not adequate and overweight and obesity is still a problem.