鞍带石斑鱼仔稚(幼)鱼的发育和生长研究

Study on the growth and development of larva,juvenile and young fish of Epinephelus lanceolatus

对鞍带石斑鱼的仔稚幼鱼形态发育的各个阶段进行了观察与研究,详细描述从初孵仔鱼到幼鱼各个发育时期的形态特征和发育时间。根据卵黄囊的变化,长鳍棘的长出与收缩,鳞片和体色斑纹的出现,鞍带石斑鱼胚后发育可以划分为仔鱼期、稚鱼期、幼鱼期。仔鱼期又可分为卵黄囊期仔鱼和后期仔鱼。水温27～30℃,盐度27～31,pH值8.0～8.4的海水中培育,初孵仔鱼至孵化后2日龄为卵黄囊期仔鱼。2日龄仔鱼开口,3日龄至20日龄为后期仔鱼,22日龄至30日龄为稚鱼期,31日龄进入幼鱼期。鞍带石斑鱼胚后发育过程中最明显的变化是背鳍棘和腹鳍棘的生长和收缩,也是生产育苗当中比较关键的仔稚幼鱼变态过程。

In this paper,different morphological development of larva,juvenile and young fish of giant grouper （Epinephelus lanceolatus）were observed and investigated.The morphological features and time from newly hatched larvae to young fishes were described in detail.According to the data,including changes of yolk sac,the outgrowth and shrinks of long spines and the appearance of squama and patch on body surface,the postembryonal development of giant grouper was divided into larval stage,juvenile stage as well as young fish stage.Among which,the larval stage was further classified into yolk-sac stage larvae and later larvae.In the water environment with temperature between 27 and 30℃,salinity between 27 and 31 and pH from 8.0 to 8.4,the embryonic developed to yolk-sac stage larva in 2 days,which then developed to weaning larvae until 22 days;from then on to the 30th day,the larvae grew up to the juvenile;since the 31st day,they were observed adolescing to young fishes. The mouth could be seen two days after hatching.The most obvious also the most important changes happened during early development of giant grouper were the outgrowth and shrinks of the spinous dorsal and the ventral spine.