古典希腊劳作与闲暇观念的政治解读

A Political Analysis of the Classical Greek Attitudes to Work and Leisure

古典希腊的劳作与闲暇观念是由贵族系统地进行阐释的,它们被掺进了阶级利益,成了贵族为应对民主制的压力而树起的一道屏障;但这种贵族针对民主制的"进犯"而采取的防卫措施,却被现代的不少闲暇学研究者和哲学家作为文化层面希腊人对劳动的厌恶而传输给了我们;闲暇的确是古典希腊人的文化理想,但大多数公民并未视劳作为奴性的、有辱人格之事;劳作与闲暇在道德层面是相容的。

Classical Greek attitudes towards work and leisure,formulated by aristocrats,were embedded in class interests and thus became a barrier erected against the pressures of democracy.However,what began as a defensive measure against the encroachment of democracy has been passed on to us by historians,philosophers and some leisure science researchers as a cultural antipathy toward work.Although leisure was a cultural ideal of Classical Greeks, work was not considered servile by the majority of the Greek citizens.Work and leisure were morally compatible.