德日动产让与担保制度构建比较研究及借鉴

Chattel Mortgage System in Germany and Japan:A Comparative Study

德国日本的让与担保制度都是为了充分发挥物的经济功能,适应经济需要。德国在构建让与担保制度时,既重视物、权利的"经济所有权"的实质,同时毫不忽略"法律所有权"在制度中的权利制衡价值,使让与担保制度在法律的框架下得到合乎法理逻辑的充分调整,发挥了良好的制度价值,实现了法的安定性与合目的性。日本则在让与制度构建中出现了从所有权构成到担保权构成的转变,这一转变也是从唯法律性到唯经济性变化的过程,呈现出极端化的特点,在追求合目的性的过程中违反了法安定性的要求,对习惯法在形成和持续发展的破坏性不容忽视。两国的制度发展为我国的让与担保制度构建提供了良好的借鉴作用。

In both Germany and Japan,the chattel mortgage system isso designed as to make the best of its economic functioning.In Germany,the construction of the chattel mortgage system is restained by the right balance value as regulated by the legal ownership and thus adjusted,to the greatest degree,to the legal logic and the purpose of stability and legitimacy of law.In Japan,however,the construction of this system is focused more on the economic benefit than on the legal legitimacy and thus goes contrary to the purpose of stability of law.The two different systems are of significant interest to China＇s construction of the chattel mortgage systm.