“上帝之死”与“作者之死”——作为解构主义哲学基础的尼采

"God is dead" and "The Author is dead"——Nietzsche as the Philosophical Founder of Deconstruction

本文以尼采的"上帝之死"与罗兰.巴特的"作者之死"两个哲学命题的相似性为切入点,对解构主义与尼采在哲学思想上的渊源进行了探讨,证明解构主义理论中对于作者权威的解构以及文本终极意义的不确定性等基本观点皆可自尼采对理性以及宗教的解构中找到根据。因此,可以说,尼采是现代以及后现代解构主义思想的理论奠基人。

When Nietzsche told the world ＂God is dead＂, he laid the foundation of a new direction in philosophical thinking-Deconstruction, a term appeared much later. In literary criticism, Roland Barthes claimed that ＂the author is dead＂, which is the core of many deconstruetionist theories. The two assertions don＇t just look similar, but share a great deal in nature. This paper probes the philosophical similarity of the two terms and maintains that Nietzsche virtually presented the essence of Deconstruction theory in dethroning God and Reason, and therefore prepared the road for modernist and postmodernist philosophical development.