面向五轴数控机床的可视化方案设计

Schematic design visualization for five-axis NC machines

五轴数控机床是1种具有战略地位的加工设备,其功能和成本很大程度上决定于机床的方案设计.采用可视化设计的方法对五轴机床实施方案设计.在简要介绍方案设计和可视化设计概念的基础上,详细叙述了基于ADAMS的可视化方案设计流程,包括机床运动方案及结构布局的初步确定、针对各方案进行运动模拟和对选定的方案进一步参数化仿真等内容.最后,以开发某五轴加工中心为例,按照所提流程进行了可视化方案设计研究,提出了龙门式、立式等3种运动方案和布局,并在运动仿真及优缺点对比分析的基础上,选定龙门式结构为最终的设计方案.

The five-axis NC（Numerical Control）machine, the function and cost of which are intensively dependent on schematic design, secures a strategic position among machining equipments. In this study, the schematic design is implemented using the visualized design method. Based on a brief introduction to the concepts of schematic design and visualized design, the ADAMSTM-based workflow of schematic design visualization is detailedly described, including the initial determination of machine kinematical scheme and structural layout, the kinematical simulation on each scheme, and the in-depth parametric simulation on selected schemes. To this end, by using a five-axis machining center as an example, the schematic design visualization is investigated following the proposed workflow. Meanwhile, three types of kinematical schemes and layouts are postulated for such as gantry- and vertical-type machines. By comparing and analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of kinematical simulation, the gantry-type machine is selected as the finalized scheme.