遥感技术在矿山开采动态监测中的应用——以豫西某铝土矿矿集区为例

Application of Remote Sensing Technology in Mining Dynamic Monitoring:Taking Certain Bauxite Ore-concentrated Areas in Western Henan as An Example

以豫西某铝土矿矿集区为试验区,以SPOT-5、资源二号卫星、QuickBird影像为数据源,提出矿山开采动态遥感监测的技术流程,并对试验区铝土矿开采状况进行动态遥感监测。根据基准年及现状年的监测结果,在基准年至现状年的3年间,试验区铝土矿开采量急剧增加,存在越界和界外开采现象,开采秩序一度比较混乱;现状年与基准年相比,越界和界外已停采面积均大幅增加,开采秩序好转;至现状年大多数铝土矿采场未进行复垦和环境治理。研究结果表明:研究中采用的集3S技术于一体的矿业开发与矿山地质环境遥感监测技术方法是有效可行的,对其他矿山开采的动态遥感监测具有一定的借鉴意义;监测结果可为矿山的合理开发及可持续发展提供决策依据。

Taking certain bauxite ore-concentrated areas in western Henan as the test area,bauxite mining was monitored dynamically with SPOT-5,ZY-2,QuickBird images by the remote sensing dynamic monitoring technical process of mine mining proposed in this study.Based on the monitoring results of base year and present year,the analysis are as follows：Firstly,during the three years from base year to present year,the bauxite exploitation increased dramatically,and mining beyond the approved limits of mining areas led to the mining disorder;Secondly,the stop exploiting area beyond the approved limits of mining areas was significantly increased according to the present year monitoring results,and the exploitation order was turned for the better;Lastly,most of the bauxite mining fields had not been reclaimed and remediated.Based on the study,the technical approach is feasible and effective,and can be used for reference to dynamic remote monitoring of other mining.In addition,the monitoring results can provide some decision-making basis in the rational development of the mine and sustainable development of local area.