阿尔都塞意识形态理论的困境

The Plight of Althusser's Theory of Ideology

阿尔都塞从结构主义出发,将意识形态定义为非科学,而马克思主义则是与之相对立的科学。阿尔都塞还注意到了与社会实践、物质相关的意识形态,把它与纯理论的意识形态区分开来。但是阿尔都塞的意识形态理论是结构主义与马克思主义的混合,这就难以避免其理论中的自相矛盾。最后,阿尔都塞陷入了马克思主义既是科学又是意识形态的理论困境,走向早期理论的反面,得出了意识形态不可能超越的结论。

Starting from Structuralism, Althusser defined ideology as non-science which is opposed to Marxism as science. Althusser also noted the ideology that＇s related to social practice and material, and distinguished it with the ideology of pure theory. But Althusser＇s understanding of ideology theory is a mixture of Marxism and Structuralism, which is difficult to avoid the self-contradictions in the ideology theory. Finally, Althusser＇s get into the plight of regarding Marxism as both science and ideology, went into the negative side of the early theory and drew the conclusion that ideology can＇t be transcended.