蚌埠地区中小学教师职业紧张状况调查

Investigation of occupational stress among teachers in primary and middle schools in Bengbu

目的了解中小学教师职业紧张状况及其影响因素,为制订干预措施提供参考。方法采取分层抽样和整群抽样结合的方法,对蚌埠市3 047名中小学教师进行职业紧张状况调查,结果录入数据库并进行统计分析。结果男教师职业任务、个体紧张反应和个体应对资源得分均高于女教师。40～60岁年龄组教师职业任务得分高,50～60岁年龄组教师个体应对资源得分较其他组高,30～39岁年龄组教师个体紧张反应得分较高。高学历组教师个体紧张反应得分较高。已婚教师承担的职业任务多,未婚和已婚教师职业紧张反应较强。市区、普通高中教师个体紧张反应得分比其他组高,职业高中教师职业任务少,个体资源多,紧张反应低。结论职业紧张反应可以通过减少职业任务和提高应对资源的方法来预防或控制。

ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate occupational stress among professional teachers in primary and middle schools.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted using stratified sampling and cluster sampling.The study population was composed of 3 047 school teachers working in primary and middle schools in Bengbu city,Anhui Province.ResultsMale teachers scored higher than female teachers for professional tasks,individual stress response and personal resources.The 40 to 60 years old age groups,50 to 60 years old age group and 30 to 39 years old age group scored highest on professional tasks,personal resources and individual stress response respectively.Highly educated group scored higher in individual stress response.Married teachers took more professional tasks.Both married and unmarried teachers reported strong occupational stress.Teachers from ordinary high schools in urban area scored higher in individual stress response.Vocational high school teachers had less professional tasks,more individual resources,and low individual stress response.ConclusionOccupational stress can be reduced by decreasing of occupational tasks and increasing of correspond resources.