氮肥基追比对不同筋度小麦产量和品质的影响

Effect of Basal/Topdressing Nitrogen Ratio on Yield and Quality of Different Gluten Wheat

为给河南粮食核心区良种良法配套体系建设提供参考,以中筋小麦矮抗58、强筋小麦郑麦366及弱筋小麦郑麦004为试验材料,探讨了氮肥基追比对不同筋度小麦产量和品质的影响。结果表明:不同筋度小麦适宜的氮肥基追比例不同,强筋小麦郑麦366以基追比为3∶7时产量最高,中筋小麦矮抗58以7∶3时产量最高,弱筋小麦郑麦004以5∶5时产量最高;籽粒蛋白质含量、沉降值、峰值黏度3个品质指标在同一筋度小麦中表现一致,即在优质强筋小麦郑麦366中均以3∶7为最优,而中筋小麦矮抗58及弱筋小麦郑麦004均以5∶5为最优。说明,不同筋度小麦达到高产、优质需要不同的氮肥运筹方案。

Effects of basal/topdressing nitrogen ratio on yield and quality of different gluten wheat were studied by using middle gluten wheat（Aikang 58）,strong gluten wheat（Zhengmai 366） and weak gluten wheat（Zhengmai 004） as material to provide reference for the development of system of appropriate cultivation technique assorting with improved variety.Results showed that the nitrogen treatment of highest yield for strong gluten wheat（Zhengmai 366）,middle gluten wheat（Aikang 58） and weak gluten wheat（Zhengmai 004） was N3（3∶7）,N1（7∶3） and N2（5∶5） respectively.Three quality indexes of protein content,sedimentation value and peak viscosity represented conformity in the same gluten wheat,the optimal nitrogen treatment of three quality indexes all was N3（3∶7） in strong gluten wheat（Zhengmai 366）,but all was N2（5∶5） in middle gluten wheat（Aikang 58） and weak gluten wheat（Zhengmai 004）.All above indicate that different scheme of nitrogen planning and management is required to achieve high yield and good quality for different gluten wheat.