论土地征收补偿原则——以比较法为视角

On the Compensation Principle of Land Expropriation——In the View of Comparative Law

土地征收作为财产征收的主要形式,应当满足补偿性的构成要件。当前多数国家的土地征收补偿原则具有极大相似性,只不过在具体表述上存在着些许差异。在历史的递嬗上,不少国家土地征收补偿原则的立法政策曾经历从完全补偿到适当补偿又复完全补偿的变迁。我国尽管现行立法并无有关土地征收补偿原则的成文规定,但可以推定我国土地征收补偿原则接近合理补偿。为有效规制大规模滥用土地征收权的现象,未来的土地征收补偿原则应以完全补偿为标准,并围绕这一原则构建相对比较完善的土地征收补偿法制。

Land expropriation, as the major type of property expropriation, should meet the components of compensation. The current land expropriation compensation principle in most countries bears great similarity, but differentiates in terms of detailed expression. The legislative policy behind the principle in many countries has been developed from full compensation to appropriate compensation and back to full compensation. In China, although there are no clear statutory provisions about land expropriation compensation principle, it can be concluded that it is a reasonable compensation principle. In order to effectively prevent the large-scale abuse of land expropriation rights, the reasonable compensation principle should be changed to full compensation principle in the near future. Meanwhile, a relatively complete policy system should be established to support such a principle.