新型自转式空气锤破岩机理研究

RESEARCH ON THE MECHANISM OF BREAKING ROCK OF ROTATING AIR-HAMMER

空气锤在钻井过程中不旋转,使得井壁不光滑、井眼不规则;同时给分支井、水平井段钻井、完井作业带来困难。为此,设计了一种不需要转盘带动、具有自动旋转功能的空气锤,用于水平井气体钻井的井下加钻压工具,具有自动加压的推进动力,解决了水平井钻头加压的难题。同时,对自转式空气锤的工作参数和结构进行了优化设计;实现了旋转功能。对岩石冲击、井底岩石破碎等方面进行了机理研究,为自转式空气锤在水平井、分支井段的应用提供了依据。

The air hammer out of revolving makes well-face unsmooth,wellbore irregular as well as hole-drilling and well completion difficult in branch well and horizontal well.In this essay,a new automatic rotating air hammer without rotary table was designed as a WOB tool of air drilling in the horizontal well,which is provided with propulsive force of loading WOB automatically,so as to solve the drills problem in the horizontal well.Moreover,the numerical model of the rotating air hammer was established on the base of aerodynamics theory,probing the affections of different parameters,and optimizing the working parameters and structure of the rotating air hammer to work normally.The mechanism research on the rock impact and crush on the bottom hole was discussed as a reference for the application of the rotating air hammer in the horizontal well and branch well.