人工湿地系统处理化机浆废水小试研究

The small-scale experiments of the utilization of Constructed Wetland in the Treatment of Pulp and Paper Wastewater

针对某化机浆厂SBR生化出水,采用小试规模的模拟人工湿地系统研究了不同基质和有无植物对废水中污染物的去除效果。选取了生物陶粒、无烟煤和页岩三种基质,并且对其进行两两组合,同时利用处理效果最好的基质生物陶粒构建了有无植物(风车草)的对照组湿地。研究表明:(1)三种不同基质对污水有不同的处理效果,其中生物陶粒对COD的去除效果最好,去除率能达到27.4%;无烟煤对TP(总磷)的去除效果最好,平均去除率达到74.2%;页岩对色度的去除效果最好,平均去除效率为28.9%;(2)与单一基质相比,三种基质两两组合后,生物陶粒和无烟煤组合对COD和TP具有最优的去除效率,平均去除率分别达到31.5%和77.2%;(3)当基质是生物陶粒时,种植植物后对COD、TP和色度的去除率比无植物时分别高出了9.3%、30.0%和15.9%,植物在人工湿地中对污染物的去除发挥了重要作用。

The small-scale constructed wetlands with different substrates and plants were built to treat chemimechanical pulping wastewater.The anthracite,shale and biological ceramsite were selected as substrates and they were chosen to have a pairwise testing.Cyperus alternifolius was planted in one wetland with the best substrate as a comparsion.The results show that：（1）the different substrates have the different removal rates for the wastewater：the biological ceramsite is the best one for the COD removal,can reach 27.4%;the anthracite is best for TP removal,is 74.0%;the shale is best for chroma,is 28.9%.（2）comparing to the single substrate,the paiswise testing shows the group of biological ceramsite and anthracite has the best result on COD and TP,the average removal are 31.5% and 77.0%respectively.（3）when Cyperus alternifolius was planted with biological ceramsite,the removal rates for COD、TP and chroma are9.3%、30.0% and 15.9%respectively higher than wetland without plant.The results indicate that plant plays a major role in treating water in these constructed wetlands.