《红楼梦》第二人称代词用法考量研究

Textual Research into Second Personal Pronouns in A Dream of Red Mansions

《红楼梦》前80回第二人称代词有"你"、"你家"、"你们"、"你等"、"汝"等.采用计量方法对这些第二人称代词进行了考察,发现第二人称代词在分布和用法上存在着明显差异:"你"使用频率极高,占总用量的86.46%,"你们"次之,占总用量的12.64%,其他第二人称代词使用频率较低.除了"你"、"你们"用法比较复杂外,其他第二人称代词的用法均显得比较单一.

In the first 80 chapters of A Dream of Red Mansions,the second personal pronouns consist of ni（你）,nijia（你家）,nimen（你们）,ni deng（你等）,ru（汝）,and so on.The textual research is carried out on these second personal pronouns by the quantitative analysis method.It is concluded that there exist visible differences among them both in distribution and usage：the use frequency of ni is extremely high,accounting for 86.46% of the total amount;nimen comes send,for 12.64%;that of the others is rather low.Except for the quite complicated usages of ni and nimen,the usages of the other second personal pronouns seem to be comparatively monotonous.