中国古代公案戏中的法律文化解读——以《窦娥冤》为视角

Interpretation of Legal Culture in China Ancient Legal Drama——From the Perspective of Dou'e Yuan

要求寡妇从一而终的封建伦理道德在本质上是违反人性的。因此,富有人文关怀精神的关汉卿并没有把窦娥塑造成一个维护"寡妇从一而终"的封建伦理道德之节妇形象,而是把窦娥塑造成一个受到中国传统法律文化熏陶的孝顺、善良的妇女形象。在封建社会专制、独裁、司法行政合一的司法体制下,刑讯逼供的封建证据制度是造成窦娥冤狱的重要原因,清官意识是窦娥申冤的精神寄托。

In essence,it is not humane in the feudal ethics to force the widows to be alone all the life.Therefore,Guan Hanqing who＇s full of humanistic spirit did not make Dou＇e an image to keep such feudal ethics.Instead,he created Dou＇e to be a kind woman who＇s under the influence of Chinese traditional legal culture.In the feudal legal system which was full of autocracy,dictatorship,the legislation and administration were combined together,so the main reason for the tragedy of Dou＇e is the way to get evidence by torture.The hope for Dou＇e to prove her innocence lies in the official＇s honesty and uprightness.