不同烟草栽培地区土壤理化性质与AM真菌分布关系

Relationships Between Physical and Chemical Properties of Different Tobacco Cultivation Soils and Distribution of AM Fungi

此文主要研究丛枝菌根分布特点和土壤理化性质及其之间的关系。以山东和云南部分烟区为例,在大田栽培条件下分析烟区土壤理化性质,利用蔗糖密度梯度离心方法分离土壤中的丛枝菌根真菌孢子。烟草栽培地区的土壤中丛枝菌根孢子量较高,其土壤中的有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾以及碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量均呈下降趋势,且以速效养分的变化较为显著,但土壤pH与孢子含量之间则无明显的关系。各烟草栽培地区除pH没有显著差异外,土壤中残留的有机质和氮、磷、钾含量存在着较大差异;丛枝菌根孢子量较高的青岛地区烟草栽培土壤中残留的碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量较其他地区明显低,说明土壤中AM真菌能够明显促进烟草对土壤中速效养分的吸收和利用。

The physical and chemical properties of different tobacco cultivation soils and distribution of the characteristics of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and their relationships were studied. In the field experiments were carried out and parts of tobacco areas in Shandong and Yunnan Province as an example, which by agricultural analysis to analyze the physical and chemical properties of tobacco cultivation soil and by sucrose density gradient centrifugation to separate arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spores. The results showed that the physical and chemical properties of tobacco cultivation soils were affected significantly by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, tobacco cultivation areas with high arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spores in soil , the soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content were significantly decreased, changes in available nutrients more obviously, but the pH of the soil had no obvious relationships with the amount of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spores. It was concluded that there was a big difference between the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and soil organic matter in the residue of tobacco cultivated sites, addition to no significant difference in pH. Tobacco cultivation in Qingdao residual soil nitrogen, available phosphorus and potassium content were significantly lower than the other regions showed that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soil maybe significantly promote tobacco available nutrient absorption and utilization of soil a certain extent.