水分胁迫对西藏不同基因型春大麦发芽的影响

Effect of Water Stress on Germination of Tiebtan Spring Barley with Different Genotypes

此文通过不同的水分胁迫处理对4个西藏春大麦品种进行发芽研究。结果表明:(1)水分胁迫下,所有品种的种子萌发均受到不同程度的抑制作用,四个品种在重度胁迫时萌发抑制率为16%～52%,轻度胁迫时萌发抑制率为4%～50%,其中对‘日喀则17号’抑制作用最大;(2)水分胁迫下,所有品种的种子发芽率、发芽指数及活力指数均下降,对‘藏青320’的发芽影响最大,随着水分胁迫加强其发芽速度明显减慢,麦芽长势明显差,其次依次是‘曲玛132’、‘日喀则17号’和‘藏青148’;(3)水分胁迫抑制春大麦发芽期间芽和根的生长,且表现出随着水分胁迫加强芽受抑制敏感程度大于根,‘日喀则17号’对根部抑制表现最敏感,‘藏青320’对芽的抑制表现最敏感。不同基因型春大麦发芽过程对水分胁迫的反应不同,说明春大麦种子耐旱性存在基因型差异,4个西藏春大麦品种中,从种子发芽期间的综合表现看,‘藏青148’种子生育前期耐旱性相对较好,‘曲玛132’种子次之,‘藏青320’和‘日喀则17号’种子耐旱性相对较差。

Germination process of 4 different spring barley varieties were tested under different levels of water stress.Results indicated that： （1） Seed germinations of all varieties were suppressed to some degrees under water stress.Germination suppression rate of all 4 varieties were 16%-52% and 4%-50% under severe and light water stress respectively,among which‘Shekatze 17’variety was the most severely suppressed.（2） Germination rate,germination index and vitality index of all varieties were decreased under water stress.Effect of water stress on germination was highest for‘Zangqing 320’variety and followed by‘Maqu 132’,‘Shekatze 17’and‘Zangqing 148’in order.As the water stress was increased,germination speed was decreased obviously and sprouting strength was also obviously week.（3） Water stress was also suppressed the growth of sprouts and roots.As the water stress increased,sensitivity to the suppression was higher for sprouts than for roots.‘Shekatze 17’was the most sensitive to suppression for roots,while‘Zangqing 320’was the most sensitive to suppression for sprouts.Different genotypes of spring barley responded differently to water stress.This indicated that draught tolerance traits of spring barley were different for different genotypes.Among the 4 varieties of spring barley,according to the overall performance of seed germination periods,Zangqing 148 was the best for draught tolerance followed by‘Maqu 132’,‘Zangqing 320’and‘Shekatze 17’.