同源四倍体水稻农艺性状的遗传分析

Genetic Analysis on Agronomic Traits in Autotetraploid Rice

与二倍体水稻相比,同源四倍体水稻杂种具有强大的生物学优势,目前对同源四倍体水稻数量性状的遗传规律及存在较强优势的遗传基础还不清楚。此研究利用一套4×12不完全双列杂交的亲本和F12个世代的同源四倍体材料,采用加性—显性模型和统计分析方法,分析同源四倍体水稻农艺性状的遗传规律。结果表明,同源四倍体农艺性状受到遗传主效应与基因型×环境互作效应共同控制;其中株高、穗长以显性效应为主,剑叶宽以加性效应为主,有效穗数和剑叶长性状以显性×环境互作效应为主;株高、穗长和剑叶宽的HN和HB均分别比HNE和HBE大,表明这3个性状的选择效果受环境的影响较小;有效穗数和剑叶长的HN相对较小,HNE相对较大,说明这两个性状的选择效果因环境而不同。此研究为在杂种配制和后代选择中有效地利用同源四倍体新种质提供理论依据。

Hybrids of auto-tetraploid rice showed strong biological superiority to hybrids of diploid rice.The genetic basis of the biological superiority was still unclear.Genetic model for Additive-Dominant and statistical analytic methods and parents and F1 offsprings in 4×12 incomplete diallel cross of autotetraploid rice were used to analyze the inheritance of agronomic traits in autotetraploid rice.The results indicated that agronomic traits were controlled by the main genetic effects in addition to the G×E interaction effects.Plants height and panicle length,width of flag leave,effective panicle number and length of flag leave were mainly controlled by dominant effects,additive effects and domain × environment interaction effects,respectively.Value ofHN andHB for plant height,panicle length and width of flag leave were lager than those ofHNE andHBE,it indicated that environment had little influenced on the select effects of plant height,panicle length and width of flag leave.Value ofHN andHB for effective panicle number and length of flag leave were smaller than those ofHNE.It suggested that select effects of effective panicle number and length of flag leave were different in different environments.Results of this study provided theoretical basis to the effective utilization of autotetraploid rice in breeding.