中国降雨侵蚀力R指标研究进展

Research Evolution of Rainfall Erosivity(R)in China

降雨侵蚀力因子R反映了降雨对土壤侵蚀的潜在作用,如何准确评估降雨侵蚀力是土壤侵蚀定量评价研究中的一个重要问题。笔者回顾了中国在侵蚀性降雨标准、降雨动能、降雨侵蚀力指标确定及计算方面近30年的研究成果,并对其进行了总结。侵蚀性降雨标准的制定及降雨动能计算因地区环境差异而不同;降雨侵蚀力指标在北方地区以EI30和EI10为主,而南方地区则以EI60为主;降雨侵蚀力计算一般采用简易算法,采用日降雨资料来估算降雨侵蚀力成为近年来的主要研究内容。

Rainfall erosivity shows the potential ability of the soil loss caused by rainfall. It is an important research task in soil erosion quantitatively evaluating field to accurately evaluate rainfall erosivity. The purpose of this paper is to review research history results of rainfall erosivity, rainfall energy of our country, and the research results are summarized. Because the local environmental situations are different, erosive rainfall standard and rainfall energy calculation may have difference; rainfall erosivity indicator based on the principle of EI30 and EI10 in north china, while based on the principle of EI60 in south china; rainfall erosivity calculation uses simple algorithm commonly. Estimating rainfall erosivity mainly based on the daily rainfall data is research contents in recent years.