乌兰布和沙漠典型草本植物群落特征

Analysis on Typical Herbaceous Plant Community Characteristics in Ulanbuh Desert

草本植物是乌兰布和沙漠植物群落的重要组成部分,研究草本植物群落特征及植物物种多样性,为认识和保护乌兰布和沙漠地区植物多样性资源提供理论依据和实践基础。根据样方调查资料,采用植物群落物种组成和多样性指数的多种计算方法,分析乌兰布和沙漠典型草本植物群落的物种组成和多样性特征。结果表明,乌兰布和沙漠典型草本植物群落的植物组成种类较少,调查结果仅有24种,隶属于8科,优势科为禾本科和藜科;草本植物群落多样性指数的平均值较小,物种多样性水平总体较低,生态优势度、物种多样性及均匀度在不同群落间差异较大;草本植物群落各多样性指数呈现出基本一致的变化趋势。乌兰布和沙漠的草本植物群落类型多样,但群落组成结构简单;优势种与次优势种的重要值之间的差距随群落内物种数量的增加而减小;草本植物群落多样性指数较小,草本植物物种的分布不均匀,普遍呈斑块化分布。

The herbaceous is the Ulanbuh desert plant community’s important component,the research herbaceous plant community characteristic and the plant species multiplicity,for knowing and protecting the plant diversity resources in desert area to provide the theory basis and the practice foundation.According to thequadrat investigation material,the author calculated typical herbaceous plant’s diversity index values inUlanbuh desert by using the diversity computational methods of plant community characteristics.The results showed that typical herbaceous plant community species in Ulanbuh desert were few,the investigation resulttotal of 24 species belonging 8 families,and the preponderant families were Gramineae and Chenopodiaceae;the average value of herbaceous plant’s diversity index were smaller,species diversity overall low level,ecological dominance,species diversity and evenness degree were quite different in different communities;the herbaceous plant’s diversity index presented the basic consistent change tendency.Ulanbuh desert herbaceous community type was diverse,but the community composed the structure to be simple;the dominant species and between the subdominant species importance value’s disparity species quantity increased along with the community in reduces;the herbaceous plant community diversity indices were small,the herbaceous species’distribution was non-uniform,assumed the mottling distribution generally.