联户沼气工程的经济与环境效益评价

Evaluation of Economic and Environmental Benefits of Joint Household Biogas Project

联户沼气实施时间较短,对其经济及环境效益进行定量评价涉及甚少,为其大面积推广提供理论依据,笔者以河南省南阳市的联户沼气工程为例,从建设投资成本、运行维护成本、效益及净现值4个方面与单户沼气进行对比分析,并以卧龙区1个行政村的联户沼气工程的调查数据为样本,选取11个环境影响综合评价指标,运用层次分析法,借助SPSS13.0软件,对联户沼气工程进行环境效益综合评估。结果表明:联户沼气与单户沼气相比,建设成本户均减少支出507元;服务费用每年每户多分摊54.76元;净现值前者为54720.41元,后者为4332.11元,规模经济效益显著,其指数为115%,有更广阔的发展前景。2007—2009各年的环境效益综合分值分别为6.126、6.156、5.816,联户沼气工程对环境的影响介于"比较大"和"非常大"之间。

Because joint household biogas project was carried out not long ago,its profits qualitative assessment research remained little.In order to provide the oretical foundation for its widespread,this paperwas based on the data of joint household biogas project of nanyang city in henan province,the comparative analysis was made from 4 aspects,including construction costs,operation and maintenance costs,profits and net present value.Then the author selected the 11 indicators of environmental impact evaluation,the environmental profits was assessed with the help of AHP and SPSS13.0 software.The results showed that the construction cost of each household was less 507 yuan than household biogas digester and service cost per yearwas more 54.76 yuan.The net present value of the former was 54720.41 yuan and the latter was 4332.11 yuan,the index of scale economy was 115%.So the joint household project had better bright prospects.From 2007 to2009,the comprehensive scores of environmental profits in wolong district were 6.126,6.156,5.816respectively,the environmental impact of joint household biogas project lay between‘bigger’and‘very’.