长三角蔬菜种植区土壤有机质与氮素含量分析

Investigation of Organic Matter and Nitrogen of Vegetable Soils in the Yangtze River Delta Region

长三角是中国重要的蔬菜种植区,经营多年后土壤出现退化现象,了解该地区土壤养分状况显得尤为重要。笔者调查了长江三角洲地区无锡、镇江、扬州、苏州、常州5市的蔬菜大棚和露地菜地种植情况,采集土壤样品分析测定有机质与氮素含量状况。结果表明:5市蔬菜地土壤中含有丰富的有机质与无机氮,而全氮含量则相对较低;随着土壤深度的增加,有机质与全氮均显著下降,而无机态氮则有一定的深层累积现象;蔬菜大棚要比露地积累了更多的有机质及无机氮,但无显著差异。土壤无机氮含量相对较多会给环境带来一定的负面影响,在今后的生产工作中应对此加以重视。

Yangtze River delta is an important vegetable growing area.After many years of cultivation,soil degradation has occurred,so it is necessary to investigate the soil nutrient status of this area.The vegetable soils in greenhouses and open-air were collected for the investigation of organic matter and nitrogen contents in Wuxi,Zhenjiang,Yangzhou,Suzhou and Changzhou of Yangtze River Delta.The results showed that these vegetable soils were rich in organic matter and inorganic nitrogen,but the content of total nitrogen was relatively low.The content of organic matter and total nitrogen decreased with the increasing soil depth;however,the inorganic nitrogen was high in the deep layer soils due to leaching.Comparatively,there was no significant difference of soil organic matter and nitrogen between the greenhouse and open-air field.High content of soil inorganic nitrogen had a negative impact on the environment,which must be paid more attentions to in future.