玉米种质资源的背景与利用现状

Background and Utilization of Germplasm Resources in Maize

此文综述了国内外玉米种质资源的遗传背景与利用途径方面的研究进展,包括玉米的杂种优势群及杂优模式,及其在育种中的灵活应用,以及各种类型原始材料的利用方法。表明种质资源是玉米育种的前提和基础,深入认识和合理选择种质资源,可以显著提高育种效率,加快育种进程。同时认为,在玉米育种原始材料的选择和构建中,不能仅仅局限于杂种优势群和杂种优势模式,还要根据不同类型的种质资源,以及个人的育种目标和思路加以合理利用。

The research progress on genetic background and utilization of maize germplasm resources is reviewed in this paper, including maize heterotic groups and heterotic models, their flexible application in breeding, and the use of various types of base materials. It shows that germplasm resource is a prerequisite and basis for maize breeding. In-depth understanding and a reasonable choice of germplasm resources, can significantly improve the breeding efficiency, speed up the breeding process. At the same time, it is considered that the basis materials selection and construction in maize breeding, can not be only confined in heterosis groups and heterosis modes, but also rationally used according to different types of germplasm resources, as well as breeding aim and personal thought of breeder.