降解地膜覆盖对土壤环境和旱地马铃薯生育的影响

Research of Soil Environment and Fertility of Potato Grow in Dry Land Mulching Degradable Plastic Film

为减轻农田白色污染,提高旱作区农作物水分利用效率,在内蒙古阴山北麓进行了地膜覆盖模拟试验。研究不同覆膜处理对土壤温度、水分和旱地马铃薯生长发育的影响。不同覆膜处理土壤温度无显著差异。2008与2009年降解膜C水分利用效率分别为73.25与63.05,均高于其他2种降解膜。从马铃薯生长发育来看,3种降解膜处理出苗率均显著高于普通膜,株高和叶片数降解膜处理要显著低于普通膜,商品薯产量和数量不同膜处理无显著差异。降解膜保温效果良好,但保水性能相对较差;多年生产实践表明当地农作物生长发育主要限制因子为水分,所以降解膜在该干旱区的推广还有待考虑。

Experiments on plastic mulching were carried out in northern area of Yinshan Mountain in 2008 and 2009 to alleviate the pollution caused by mulching film residue and improve the water use efficiency in arid area. Research of different mulching treatments on soil temperature, soil moisture and the growth and development of potato were studied. The results showed that temperature of three degradable plastic films same as the ordinary plastic film. Water use efficiency of degradable film C was 73.25 and 63.05 in 2008 and 2009 respectively, were higher than the other two kinds of degradable film. From the point view of potato growth and development, emergence of three kinds of degradation film was significantly higher than ordinary film, but plant height and leaf number was significantly lower than ordinary film. There was no significant difference from different kinds of film. The insulation effect of degradation film was good, but water retention was relatively poor; The main growth limiting factor of local crop was water from years of practice, so promotion of the degradable film in the arid zone had yet to be considered.