烟稻邻作对白背飞虱及天敌功能团的影响

Effects of Rice-Tobacco Intercropping on WBPH and the Guild of Natural Enemies in Rice Fields

研究结果表明,邻作烤烟对白背飞虱具有一定的调控作用,在水稻抽穗期和灌浆期可将白背飞虱虫口数量控制在防治指标以下。邻作稻田天敌功能团对白背飞虱数量调控起了重要的作用,特别是在水稻抽穗期和灌浆期。用Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H')、Pielou均匀性指数(E)和Simpson优势集中性指数(λ)对单作稻田和邻作稻田的蜘蛛功能团结构特征进行比较,与单作田相比,邻作田蜘蛛功能团优势集中性低,结构的多样性较高,功能团中各物种相对多度分布更均匀;邻作烤烟对稻田寄生性天敌功能团的结构特征影响甚微。

The results generally demonstrated the dynamic of WBPH population in rice-tobacco intercropping treatments were lower than in rice monoculture systems, and the WBPH population was lower than control action threshold during heading and grain filling in rice in rice-tobacco intercropping systems. During the whole growing period of rice, Simpson index of spider guild was lower in rice-tobacco intercropping systems than in rice monoculture systems, while Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou index were higher. There was almost the same Simpson index, Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou index of parasitoid guild between the two systems. These findings suggested that tobacco habitats could potentially increase the efficiency of natural enemy and controlled WBPH population during heading and grain filling in rice.