陇东禁牧:问题与对策

Problems and Solutions of Grazing Ban in East Gansu

禁牧成败的关键在于禁牧能否协调好生态保护与农户生计之间的关系。强制性封山禁牧忽视了农户的生计实际,农民从自身利益出发抵制禁牧,开辟了违规放牧的新途径,导致政策干预无效。禁牧必须兼顾生态保护与农户生计可持续两方面的诉求,改变全面封禁的方式,推行半舍饲,实行季节性休牧;禁建并举,加大产业建设力度;加强对贫困农户的社会保障,完善农村社会保障体系,推动放牧农户生计方式的平稳过渡与较快转型。

The key to the success of grazing ban is well-coordinated the relationship between ecological protection and household livelihoods.Mandatory grazing ban ignored the actual livelihoods of peasants,peasants resist grazing ban based on their own interests,opened up new ways of illegal grazing,which made policy interventions ineffective.Grazing ban must take account of both demands of ecological protection and peasants＇ sustainable livelihoods,changes fully grazing ban approach,implement semi-stabling and seasonal grazing ban;consecrate and construct simultaneously,develop agriculture and animal husbandry industry;strengthen social protection for poor peasants,improve the rural social security system to promote the transition of peasants＇ livelihoods smoothly and quickly.