急诊医护人员血源性职业暴露后心理健康调查

Investigation of mental health of emergency medical personnel after occupational exposure to blood-borne

目的调查急诊医护人员血源性职业暴露后的心理健康状况。方法采用症状自评表、应对方式问卷对28名有血源性职业暴露经历急诊医护人员(观察组)的心理状态进行分析,并与30名普通病房医护人员(对照组)心理状态调查结果及国内常模的相应数据进行比较。结果观察组症状自评表总均分(1.63分)显著高于对照组(1.45分),在躯体化、强迫症、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对等都显著高于对照组和国内常模数据,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组应对方式问卷多采取消极应对方式,如自责、退避等,较少采取解决问题和求助等积极应对方式。结论急诊医护人员血源性职业暴露后心理健康状况不容乐观,应针对其心理问题制定相应预防和干预对策,以减轻急诊医护人员心理压力,维护医护人员心理健康。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the mental health of the personnel in the emergency dept.after the occupational exposure to blood-borne.METHODS Through SCL table,the replying-style questionnaire of 28 cases who had the experience with blood-borne exposure（the observation group） was analyzed,then was compared with the mental health of 30 workers affording common medical service（the control group） and the domestic general data accordingly.RESULTS The total average of the observation group（1.63 score） was significantly higher than that of control group（1.45 score）,somatization,obsessive-compulsive disorder,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety,hostility in the observation group was significantly higher than the control group and the domestic general data,（P0.05）,the difference was statistically significant.The answers of the replying-style questionnaire were mostly to take a more negative settlement,such as self-blame,avoidance,and so on.and scarcely to solve problems with a positive way.CONCLUSION The condition of mental health isn′t optimistic for the emergency medical personnel after the occupational exposure to blood-borne.It should take corresponding prevention and intervention strategies to reduce the psychological pressure of the emergency medical staff to help them maintain fit mental health.