高度重视农村住房制度国家公共政策研究

On Public Policy Studies on Rural Housing System

中国农村住房制度具有"一供"、"三非"、"四保"、"五自"的基本特点。农民住房兼具生产生活功能,兼具居住和社会保障功能。随着改革开放和城镇化发展,农民建房和农村居民点调整遇到前所未有的挑战,应从国家公共政策角度构建中国农村住房基本制度的理论框架和政策指引,保障农民在农村的居住权益,依法制度规范农村居民点(乡镇、村落)的空间调整,解决城乡建设用地合理调剂使用的主要范式,与时俱进地推动"十二五"农村住房制度改革。

China＇s housing system in rural areas is distinctive in four perspectives.The rural housing land is assigned to farmers by their village collectives free of charge under the principle of ＂one household can own only one piece of land＂.Farmers are not allowed to sell their land tenure to non-member of the same village or on the market.The government guarantees the supply of the rural housing land,the offerings of services in planning and managing house constructions,the safe dwelling of the most disadvantaged and the property rights of the house built on the land.Farmers have to finance themselves to build their house,which then becomes their own property and be granted the rights to manage and use the house at their discretion.The rural house serves more than just a living and production space it is an important component of social security in China＇s rural areas.As the country＇s reform and opening-up go further and the progressing of its urbanization,the government now faces unprecedented challenges in rural house constructions and the adjustment of rural dwelling locations.It has become imperative that a new theoretical framework and policy guidance regarding China＇s basic system of rural housing be developed from the perspective of national public policy.The framework should fulfill the purpose of protecting farmers＇ dwelling rights in rural areas,regulating the adjustment of rural dwelling locations,offering paradigm for adjusting urban-rural construction land usages and move forward the reform of rural housing system during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period.