乌鲁木齐资源型产业的演变特征及其空间效应

Development and spatial effect of resource-based industries in Urumqi

对乌鲁木齐资源型产业的时空演化及其空间效应采用定性和定量方法进行了分析,结果表明:乌鲁木齐的资源型产业在新疆具有极强的竞争力和发展潜力。从空间过程看,乌鲁木齐资源型产业的规模、发展速度和布局变化与城市空间扩展在时序上具有一致性,工业用地和工业区的拓展促进了乌鲁木齐城市空间结构的演变;从空间效应的指向性看,资源型产业主要是沿交通线布局然后向外延伸,呈轴向扩展模式,形成"指状"或"锯齿状"空间结构形态;从空间尺度看,资源型产业对乌鲁木齐城镇扩展方向的影响主要以近郊扩展为主,对于较远的县市集聚大于扩散;资源型产业对城市空间重构的影响体现在乌鲁木齐城市形态的演变以及与周边城市空间结构的调整和优化方面。

Industries that consume fossil fuels tend to drive industrial development and have a significant impact on the spatial characteristics of the cities. Especially, industries that consume fossil fuels have obvious impetus of the development of the city which is at its peak period. So a study of relationships between industries that consume fossil fuels and urban development is conducted in this paper. Urumqi＇s productivity growth in the second- ary sector and its high GDP per capita reflects the predominance of the energy sector as a key driver of the industrial output in Xinjiang. Different mathematic methods were applied for data analyses, namely method of industrial structure evolution, shift-share method and location entropy. This paper investigates the spatial effects of industrial development, using fossil fuel consumptive industries as a single factor, and used a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods to conduct in-depth analysis of industrial development of its resource-based characteristics. The results showed that： resource-based industrial development in Urumqi contributed to the expansion and spatial evolution of the city. The scale, speed, and spatial layout of industrial development coincided with the general urban expansion of Urumqi. Resource-based industrial development emerged in patch throughout the city while general urban expansion did axially, along major roads, and concentrically in the city center. The resource-based industrial patches grew outward from the city center and formed both finger and jagged shaped areas. While resource-based industrial development in Urumqi became more diffuse, similar development in neighboring cities remained concentrated. Resource-based industrial development in Urumqi has resulted in both the spatial evolution and expansion of the urbanized area. For the cities and counties faraway, the agglomeration function was more effective, thus cities and towns had a weak radiation.