中国风电产业生产率增长、效率改进与技术进步——基于风电上市公司财务数据的实证分析

Productivity Growth,Efficiency Change and Technical Progress of Chinese Wind Power Industry——An Empirical Analysis Based on Wind Power Listed Company's Financial Data

本文基于中国风电上市公司的财务报告数据,运用DEA-Malmquist指数等方法实证对风电上市公司全要素生产率指数、上市公司及其风电子公司技术效率进行估计和分解,以此评价中国风电产业全要素生产率水平及技术效率状况。分析结果表明,中国风电产业技术起点相对较低,但成长速度较快。风电生产存在一定的非效率,其原因主要在于生产规模并非处于最优位置,我国大部分风电生产企业目前正处于规模报酬递增阶段。风电企业间的规模效率的差异较大,这直接导致我国风电企业生产效率参差不齐。本文提出,调整风电企业的生产规模,促进风电企业技术创新,是我国风电产业持续发展的关键。

Based on wind power listed company＇s financial data, this paper surveyed and decomposed the listed companies＇ total factor productivity changes, listed companies＇ and wind power subsidiary companies＇ technical effi- ciency through Malmquist index approach and other measurements to evaluate the total factor productivity and technical efficiency level of China~ wind power industry. The result shows that technical starting point in China＇s wind power industry is low, and it had made a rapid improvement. The main reason of the inefficiency in wind power industry＇s production activity is that most enterprises are still in the increasing returns stage. Scale efficiency was quite different between wind power enterprises, this makes the production efficiency rather uneven. Adjusting the production scale and promoting the technology Innovation of wind power enterprises are the keys of China＇s wind power industry to the sustainable development.