国内外共性技术及其测度研究综述

Review of Generic Technology and Its Measurement Home and Abroad

共性技术(Generic Technology),因其在很多领域内已经或未来可能被普遍应用而引起各国的普遍关注。共性技术测度是共性技术研究领域的一个重点课题。分析国内外共性技术及其测度的研究现状和发展动态,对共性技术理论的发展、指导战略性新兴产业共性技术的选择和管理,具有重要的理论意义和实践意义。国内外学术界关于共性技术的研究成果,主要集中在政府在共性技术开发中的作用研究、共性技术与创新体系研究、共性技术平台建设研究、共性技术外部性研究、共性技术商业化研究等主要领域,而对共性技术测度的理论、方法和指标等的研究成果却比较少。已有的关于共性技术测度的研究成果,主要限于概念、理论的探讨。少量的关于共性技术筛选或识别方法与指标的研究成果,主要基于德尔菲专家意见,受主观干扰比较大,缺乏一定的客观性和较强的可操作性。共性技术测度的理论、方法与指标体系及其应用方面,有待于学术界进一步探索研究。

Generic technology has been paid much attention for its being used or having possibility to be used in many fields home and abroad.Measuring generic technology is a key issue in the research of generic technology.It＇s a significant issue for developing generic technology,and guiding choosing managing generic technology of strategic and new industries,via reviewing the research status of generic technology and its measurement home and abroad.The studies on generic technology mainly focused on the role of government in developing generic technology,on generic technology and innovation system,on platform of generic technology,the externality of generic technology,and commercializing generic technology,et al.,but little research on measuring generic technology.The existing studies were limited to the arguing of the concept and theory.A handful of studies on choosing and identifying generic technology mainly based on Delphi,being greatly subjective and lacking objectivity and operability.It is to be further studied of the theory,methodology,and indicator system of measuring generic technology by academia.