出租车数量管制对社会福利的影响

The influences on social welfare caused by the quantity regulation of taxi

运用经济学的研究方法对出租车行业的数量管制问题进行了考查。研究发现,由于出租车行业具有很强的竞争性,单纯依靠市场的自发调节就能够实现该行业的资源优化配置;对出租车行业的数量管制,不但影响了出租车行业的自身发展,而且造成了社会福利损失。事实上,管制的重要原因是为了获得管制租金而不是增进社会福利。因此放宽对出租车行业的数量管制才是增进社会福利的有效选择。

This article studies the quantity regulation of taxi by economic method. The results show that the taxi industry is a very strong competitive trade. It can achieve optimal re- sources distribution by market competition. The quantity regula- tion of taxi has bad impact on the development of taxi industry and reduces the income of society welfare. In fact, the important reason of regulation is to get the rental of regulation, not in order to increase the social welfare. So deregulation is the effective way to promote social welfare.