国外城市交通系统的空间研究进展

Foreign Study Advance on Space Structure of Urban Transport System

城市交通空间研究历史悠久,最早追朔到19世纪初,整体上经过了萌芽探索(19世纪初至19世纪末)、深化发展(20世纪初至50年代)、快速发展(20世纪60年代至80年代)和丰富全面(20世纪90年代以来)四个阶段;研究领域主要集中于交通—城市空间耦合、城市交通空间通达性、空间句法及形态、空间复杂性等方面,其中交通—城市空间耦合研究历史久远,贯穿始末,空间通达性兴起于20世纪60年代,空间句法集中于20世纪70～80年代,空间复杂性则起步较晚,兴盛于21世纪初;整体上,国外城市交通空间复杂性研究薄弱,集成复杂系统科学理论/方法,结合GIS地计算的城市交通空间复杂性规律研究势必成为未来研究的重心和中心。

Space research of urban transport has a long history and the earliest could trace back to early 19th century. It has experienced four stages include origin and exploring （early 19th century to 19th century）,deepening development （early 20th century to the 50s）,rapid development （the 1960s to the 80s）and rich and overall ones （since the 1990s）;the research focused on the transport-city system coupling,spatial accessibility,space syntax and morphology,space complexity of urban transport,etc,in which the transportcity space coupling research has a long history throughout the whole story,the spatial accessibility of urban transport rose in the 1960s,the space syntax concentrated in the 1970s-1980s,and the spatial complexity started late which flourished in the early 21st century. In the whole,foreign spatial complexity of urban transport is weak;to integrate complex system theory and method,combine with GIS to calculate the spatial complexity of urban transport will become the law of gravity and center of future research.