贵阳市售蔬菜重金属含量状况及对人体健康风险分析

Heavy Metal Concentrations in Vegetables Sold in Main Markets of Guiyang City and Its Risk to Human Health

[目的]了解蔬菜中重金属的污染程度及其对人体健康的危害。[方法]采集贵阳市区某一农贸市场的12种蔬菜,用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定蔬菜中重金属铜、锌、铅的含量。[结果]生菜铅含量超标倍数为1.215倍,韭菜铜含量超标倍数为1.748倍,为轻度污染级别。贵阳市居民通过食用蔬菜途径所引起健康危害的平均个人年风险,铜为3.132×10-7,锌为4.166×10-8,铅为4.354×10-8,低于ICRP的标准,不会对暴露的人群构成明显危害。[结论]该研究对保证蔬菜质量和保障人们的饮食安全具有重要意义。

[Objective] To survey the extent of pollution of heavy metals in vegetables and pay attention to their effects on human health.[Method] Twelve kinds of vegetables were collected from a farmer＇s market in Guiyang City.Copper,zinc and lead concentrations in the vegetables were detected by flame atomic absorption spectrometry.[Result] The over-standard times of lead concentration in lettuce and that of copper concentration in leek were 1.215 and 1.748,respectively,and the pollution was at a slight level.Average annual health risk for each Guiyang City resident caused by eating vegetables was 3.132 × 10-7/a due to copper pollution,4.166 × 10-8/a due to zinc pollution,and 4.354 × 10-8/a due to lead pollution.These values were lower than the corresponding item of ICRP standard,and such pollution did not cause hazards to people.[Conclusion] The study has significance to ensure the quality of vegetables and food safety for people.