巨噬细胞的分类及其调节性功能的差异

Macrophages classification and the difference of their regulatory function

巨噬细胞在固有免疫和适应性免疫反应中具有重要的作用,它可将加工后的抗原提呈给相应的T细胞,活化后的T细胞通过细胞膜上的分子或分泌的细胞介素进一步活化巨噬细胞。此时的巨噬细胞吞噬杀伤能力大大加强,并释放各种活性物质,因此巨噬细胞是主要的炎性反应调节细胞。巨噬细胞可分为经典活化和选择性活化的巨噬细胞,其在炎性反应过程中分泌不同的细胞因子、趋化因子等,然后间接或直接地参与各种炎症性疾病的反应过程。该文介绍了不同型巨噬细胞在胰岛素抵抗、HIV感染和肿瘤等疾病中的调节功能。

Macrophages play crucial roles in innate and adaptive immunity in response to microorganisms and are major mediators in inflammatory responses.They can present antigens to T cells.Activated T cells further activate macrophages by their surface molecules and secretive cytokines.Macrophages can be divided into classically activated macrophages and alternatively activated macrophages.During inflammations these macrophages express different surface molecules,cytokines and chemokines.Here,we will introduce the functions of different types of macrophages in the diseases of insulin resistance,HIV infection and tumor.