行业垄断、所有制与企业工资收入差距——基于第一次全国经济普查企业数据的实证研究

Industrial monopoly,ownership and enterprises wage inequality——an empirical research based on the first National Economic Census of enterprises data

本文利用第一次全国经济普查数据,综合分析了行业垄断和所有制对企业工资的影响,发现行业垄断和所有制都是影响企业工资差距的重要因素,但所有制的影响大于行业垄断的影响。于是文章进一步从不同所有制的角度分析了行业垄断对企业工资的影响,发现行业垄断仅能给国有企业职工带来直接的工资升水,对其他所有制企业不存在直接影响。本文的分析表明,行业垄断是导致企业工资收入差距的前提条件,所有制是导致企业工资差距的必备条件,行业垄断与国有企业的结合才会导致日益扩大的企业工资差距。因此,在目前的现实条件下,如果要控制日益扩大的企业工资收入差距,必须要高度重视国有企业的工资决定行为。

The acticle comprehensively analyzed the effect of industrial monopoly and ownership on enterprises wage inequality using the first National Economic Census of enterprises data.It find that ownership and industrial monopoly are both important factors in explaining enterprises wage inequality.But the impact of ownership is larger than the impact of industrial monopoly.The acticle further analyzed the effect of industial monopoly on enterprises wage inequality from the ownership point.It finds that industrial monopoly will bring state-owned enterprise employee direct wage premium,but will bring other ownership enterprise employee nothing.In short,this acticle has shown that industrial monopoly is precondition of enterprises wage inequality and ownership is a prerequisite of enterprises wage inequality.Only the integration of industrial monopoly and state-owned enterprises will lead to the widening wage gap between enterprises.Therefore,if we want to control the enlarging wage gap between different enterprises,great importance must be attached to the wage decision of state-owned enterprises under the circumstance of current situation.