2Sony Corp. of America v. Universal City Studios, Inc. , 464 US 417 (1984).
3Sega Enterprises Ltd v. Maphia, 948 F, Supp, 923 (N. D, Cal, 1996).
4See Nimmer on Copyrights § 12.04 (Matthew Bender & Co. ; 1997). Casella v. Morris, 820 F. 2d 362, 365 (11th Cir. 1987) ; Universal City Studios, Inc. v. Nintendo Co. Ltd. 797 F. 2d 70 (2ad Cir. 1986).
5英国《版权法》第25和26条.
6Paul Goldstein, Copyright: Principles, Law and Prac-tice § 6.1 (Aspen Law & Business, 1996) ; Nimmer on Copyrights § 12.04 (Matthew Bender & Co. ; 1997).