论宣告死亡制度对被宣告死亡人配偶权益的影响

On the effect of the system of declaration of death on the rights of spouse of the declared dead

宣告死亡制度的立法价值在于通过推定自然人已经死亡的结果,稳定因失踪人生死不明而引起人身关系及财产关系的不确定状态,达到重点保护利害关系人的合法权益的目的。然而,"树欲静而风不止",本用于稳定失踪人民事关系,保护利害关系人合法权益的宣告死亡制度,在司法实践中却可能为利害关系人带来新的权益损害,弱化法律实施效果。本文将以宣告死亡制度对被宣告死亡人配偶权益的影响为视角,探讨我国宣告死亡制度存在的不足,并尝试提出相应的完善建议。

The value of the system of declaration of death is through the presumption of the death of a natural person,to stablize the state of uncertainty of personal relationship and property relationship life caused by missing persons due to death is unknown,to protect the legitimate interests of stakeholders. However,＂the tree still while the wind blows＂,the system of declaration of death, in the judicial practice may bring new harm to the interests of stakeholders and weaken the law implementation effect. This article from the perspective of the effect of the system of declaration of death on the rights of spouse of the declared dead,to discuss the shortcomings of the system of declaration of death and try to make the appropriate sound advice.