日本在缅甸的平衡外交:特点与困境

Japan's Balanced Diplomacy in Myanmar:Characteristics and Pitfalls

冷战时期,日本与缅甸建立了"特殊"的"历史友好关系",但在1988年以后双边关系较为冷淡。尽管日本之后一再努力,希望恢复昔日对缅影响与"特殊"的邦交,但收效甚微。日本在对缅关系上,一方面利用援助制裁实行有限的压力政策,另一方面又保持对缅接触,实行制裁和接触政策之间的中间路线。日本在缅甸问题上表现出的两面性,是其在国内各界分歧、日美基轴外交与亚洲独立外交、国家利益与价值观外交之间相互平衡的结果。

During the Cold War, Japan and Myanmar established a ＂special historical friendship. ＂ Since 1988 though, relations between the two states have chilled, and Japan＇s influence in Myanmar has decreased sharply. Japan has made many efforts to restore its former influence and the ＂special＂ diplomatic relationship. Japan has attempted to find a medium point between sanctions and engagement in its relations with Myanmar. On the one hand, it maintains sanctions on aid to exert limited policy pressure on Myanmar, while on the other hand it maintains engagement with Myanmar. The dualistic approach that Japan adopts towards Myanmar reflects a balancing between its domestic divisions, its foreign policy alliance with the US and its independent foreign policy in Asia, and its national interests and values.