制度变迁的经济效果——原苏东国家经济转轨20年回顾

Economic effects of institutional change:——A two-decade review of economic transition in exUSSR and East European countries

原苏东国家向市场经济的转轨已近20年。这场规模宏大的制度变迁到底带来了怎样的经济效果?本文从体制变革进展、经济增长与收入分配状况三个方面比较研究了原苏东国家的转轨实践,得出结论:体制变革速度与经济发展实效之间,一方面存在后发赶超优势,即转轨速度慢的国家尽管摆脱转轨衰退的时间晚,但中期增长速度加快,甚至普遍超越转轨速度快的国家;另一方面,体制转换速度与收入分配状况并无实质关联。

It is nearly two decades since the former USSR and East European countries began their market-oriented economic transition.What economic effects did the gigantic institutional change bring forth after all? The article makes a comparative study of the transitional practice from three angles:institutional change,economic growth and income distribution.It comes to the conclusion that there is a subsequent catching-up and surpassing superiority between the speed of institutional change and the effects of economic development.To be more specific,the states that have been changing slowly,although they were late in getting rid of transitional decline,have accelerated their speed in the intermediate period,and even generally surpassed those in rapid transition on the one hand,and there is no substantial relation between the speed of institutional change and income distribution on the other.