筛动脉眶内段及窦内段的应用解剖研究

Applied anatomic study on intraorbital and intraethmoidal parts of ethmoidal artery

目的：研究筛动脉的走行规律及局部位置关系，为筛窦手术和视神经管减压术提供参考。方法：采用显微解剖学技术对６０ 侧成人筛动脉眶内段和窦内段进行观察和测量。结果：筛前动脉眶内段长（５．１６±１．２４）ｍ ｍ ，管径为（０．５６±０．１７）ｍ ｍ ；筛后动脉眶内段长（９．０８±２．２９）ｍ ｍ ，管径为（０．３７±０．１４）ｍ ｍ 。筛动脉的周围有致密结缔组织构成的筋膜鞘，该鞘包绕与之并行的筛神经和筛静脉，筋膜鞘在筛动脉窦内段亦存在。筛动脉窦内行程有三种类型：走在骨管内；走在筛房顶壁和筛粘膜之间；部分走在骨管内。结论：在筛窦手术或视神经管减压术中。

Objective:In order to provide anatomic data for operation of ethmoidal sinus and optic canal decompression.Method:Using microanatomic method,the intraorbital and intraethmoidal parts of ethmoidal arteries were observed and measured.Result:The length of intraorbital segment of anterior ethmoidal artery was 5.16 ± 1.24 mm,and its diameter was 0.56 ± 0.17 mm;the length of intraorbital segment of posterior ethmoidal artery was 9.08 ± 2.29 mm,with diameter 0.37 ± 0.14 mm.The ethmoidal artery,nerve and vein were surrounded by fascial sheath which could extend to ethmoidal sinus.Three variants of ethmoidal arteries could be found:It passed through bony canal;It went between the superior wall of ethmoidal cell and ethmoidal mucosa;One part went through bony canal,but the other did not.Conclusion:It was important to find ethmoidal artery in operation of ethmoidal sinus and optic canal decompression.