翼腭间隙的断层影像解剖及临床意义

Sectional imaging anatomy and clinical significance of the pterygopalatine space

目的为翼腭间隙疾病的影像诊断提供解剖学资料。方法选取成年尸体头颈部20例和40名志愿者,分别沿眶耳线(OML)制成连续横断层面和CT影像,观察翼腭间隙及其周围结构的解剖学关系,利用游标卡尺和求积仪分别测量其长径、宽径、面积。结果翼腭间隙的形态变化大,在经蝶骨体横断层面及CT影像上较固定,与翼突的形态密切相关。在标本和CT影像上经蝶骨体、翼突、翼窝的面积分别为:(113.40±3.33)mm2和(115.86±2.58)mm2,(92.24±2.73)mm2和(93.60±3.17)mm2,(5.36±3.04)mm2和(5.40±2.93)mm2。横断层面及CT影像可清晰显示翼腭间隙前、后、内侧、外侧壁上的结构和翼管、蝶腭孔、翼上颌裂、眶下裂等自然通道。结论翼腭间隙的断层影像解剖对翼腭间隙疾病的影像诊断具有重要临床意义。

Objective To provide anatomical data for imaging diagnosis of the pterygopalatine space diseases.Methods The head and neck of 20 adult corpses and 40 volunteers were selected,and were cut into transverse sequence section and scanned in series by CT from the orbitomeatal line（OML） respectively.Pterygopalatine space and its adjacent structures were observed and measured in the length,width and area with the vernier caliper and planimeter.Results Pterygopalatine space displayed different shapes,its shapes were fixed at the sphenoinal body level and CT image,and relative to pterygoid process.At the sphenoidal body,pterygoid process,pterygoid fossa level and CT image,they were 113.40±3.33 mm2 and 115.86±2.58 mm2,92.24±2.73 mm2 and 93.60±3.17 mm2,5.36±3.04 mm2 and 5.40±2.93 mm2 in area of the pterygopalatine space respectivly.It was better to show the anterior,posterior,medial and lateral wall of the pterygopalatine space and its communication paths,including the pterygoid canal,sphenopalatine foramen,pterygomaxillary fissure and inferior orbital fissure on transverse section and imaging.Conclusion Sectional imaging anatomy of the pterygopalation space has an important clinical significance for imaging diagnosis of the pterygopalation space diseases.