相关科室血脂异常患者对检验报告单有用性评价及调脂治疗相关知识调查

Usability of the laboratory report and knowledge of lipid-lowering in out-patients from dyslipidemia-related departments

目的:了解患者角度对检验报告单有用性的评价以及对调脂治疗知识的掌握情况。方法:采取随机抽样,对某综合性三甲医院508名相关科室门诊患者进行问卷调查,并查阅其门诊病历和各类检查申请单和结果报告,测量身高、体重,从中筛选出431名调脂治疗相关患者,进一步调查其调脂治疗及血脂达标情况。结果:508名患者中,90.2%(458/508)会仔细阅读检验结果。检验结果显示正常时,如果医生开药,仅47.4%(240/508)会遵医嘱。在431名调脂治疗相关患者中,对自身心血管病危险等级的分级仅有26.4%(112/431)回答正确,对调脂治疗"不同人不同目标"的认知率仅为37.1%(160/431);在381名患有血脂异常的患者中,71.7%(273/381)认为自己需要治疗,但98.7%(376/381)对其调脂目标回答错误,60.9%(232/381)认为血脂检验报告单上的"参考范围"就是调脂目标。246名接受治疗的血脂异常患者,35.4%(87/246)达到调脂治疗目标值。患者对调脂治疗的依从性好者仅占52.0%(128/246)。结论:绝大多数患者都重视并利用检验报告单的信息,但多数血脂异常患者对自身调脂治疗目标、自身心血管病危险等级及"不同人不同治疗目标"均不能认知,其治疗依从性和达标率不高。检验科需利用自身优势,探寻改变现状的合适途径和方法。

Objective：To investigate the usability of laboratory test report from the angle of patients and understand to what degree the patients master the knowledge of lipid-lowering. Methods： A total of 508 outpatients,selected from a Grade Ⅲ-A general hospital,were queried by a questionnaire,their medical records and test reports were reviewed and their heights and weights were measured. In the study,431 of them fulfilled the inclusion criteria and their information about lipid lowering treatment and treatment compliance were collected. Results： Of the 508 subjects,90.2%（458/508） read the report seriously; however,only 47.4%（240/508） took drugs according to the doctor’s prescription even if the tests were ＂normal＂. Of the 431 lipid-lowering therapy related patients,only 26.4%（112/431） chose right in their cardiovascular risk classification,and less than 37.1%（160/431） agreed that ＂different people had different lipid lowering target＂. Of the 381 patients who needed the lipid-lowering treatment,71.7%（273/381） recognized the need for treatment,but 98.7%（376/381） answered a wrong target for treatment; 60.9%（232/381） recognized that the reference values given in the laboratory test reports should be the target for treatment. Of the 246 patients under the lipid-lowering treatment,35.4%（87/246）had reached their treatment goals,and only 52.0%（128/246） had a good compliance. Conclusion： Most patients read and trusted the laboratory test reports. However,dyslipidemia patients scarcely knew their lipid lowering treatment goals and their cardiovascular risk levels. The compliance of patients was poor,and the goal attainment was low. The laboratory medicine department should find out a simple and intuitional way to change the current situation.