乳腺癌核芯针穿刺印片与组织学诊断的比较研究

Comparison of touch imprint cytology of core needle biopsy and section histopathology in breast cancer diagnosis

目的 探讨印片细胞学（TIC）与组织病理诊断以及印片免疫细胞化学与免疫组织化学检测结果的一致性,评价在乳腺癌新辅助化疗前TIC诊断的临床应用价值.方法 收集行核芯针穿刺组织TIC诊断的乳腺肿物患者289例,其中287例有核芯针活检（CNB）病理结果对照,190例有术后病理结果对照.289例中,64例行印片的雌激素受体（ER）、孕激素受体（PR）和人表皮生长因子受体2（HER-2）免疫细胞化学检测,其中52例有CNB免疫组织化学检测结果,43例有术后病理免疫组织化学检测结果.结果 TIC诊断良性22例,恶性263例,不满意标本4例.假阴性率和不满意率均为1.4%,假阳性率为0.35%.与术后病理结果比较,TIC和CNB诊断乳腺癌的敏感性分别为96.2%和95.0%（P=0.601）,特异性分别为87.5%和100%（P=0.471）,准确率分别为95.8%和95.3%（P=0.804）,差异均无统计学意义.ER、PR和HER-2印片免疫细胞化学检测结果与CNB的免疫组织化学检测结果的符合率分别为86.5%、75.0%和78.8%,与术后病理免疫组织化学检测结果的符合率分别为88.4%、74.4%和75.6%,CNB与术后病理免疫组织化学检测结果的符合率分别为83.7%、74.4%和76.5%,三者差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 TIC诊断乳腺癌的敏感性、特异性和准确率较高,与CNB组织病理诊断无明显差异,可以辅助CNB为乳腺肿物患者提供快速的细胞学诊断.印片免疫细胞化学方法可以辅助CNB作为新辅助化疗前检测乳腺癌患者受体水平的手段之一.

Objective To evaluate the sensitivity, specificity of touch imprint cytology（TIC）, and to compare its conformity rate with histopathology, to observe the consistence of immunocytochemistry（ICC）with immunohistochemistry（IHC）, and to assess the diagnostic value of TIC prior to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. Methods 289 cases of TIC and 287 cases with core needle biopsy（CNB）histopathology accumulated from October 2005 to October 2008 in our hospital were included in this study.One hundred ninety cases TIC results were compared with that of final histopathology. 64 cases were tested for ER, PR, HER-2 by immunocytochemistry. Results Twenty-four benign cases and 265 malignant cases were diagnosed. 4 specimens were unsatisfactory. False negative rate and unsatisfactory rate were 1. 4%,both, and false positive rate was 0.35%. The accuracy rate of TIC and CNB was 95.8% and 95.3%,respectively（P =0.804）. The sensitivity of TIC and CNB was 96.2% and 95.0%（P =0.601）, specificity 87.5% and 100%（P =0.471）were found, when compared with the results of routine histopathology. 52cases had a control with IHC of CNB in 64 ICC, and 43 cases had a final histopathology IHC. The ICC conformity rate of ER, PR, HER-2 with IHC of CNB was 86.5%, 75.0%, 78.8%, and that with IHC of final histopathology was 88.4%, 74.4%, 75.6%, respectively. The conformity rate of IHC between CNB and final histopathology was 83.7%, 74.4%, 76.5%, respectively. There was no significant statistical difference between them. Conclusion Compared with routine CNB histopathology, TIC has a high accuracy and sensitivity, and can provide a rapid and reliable cytological diagnosis to complement CNB for breast lesions. The conformity rates are high in ER, PR, HER-2 expression between ICC and IHC. ICC of TIC can be used to determine the estrogen and progesterone receptor levels in breast cancer before neoadjuvant chemotherapy.