兔皮质引流静脉急性闭塞模型的建立

Establishment of acute cortical draining vein occlusion model in rabbits

目的通过双极电凝闭塞皮质引流静脉,建立兔脑皮质引流静脉急性闭塞模型。方法青紫蓝兔35只,随机分为3组,其中A组15只,电凝顶叶皮质引流静脉1支;B组15只,电凝顶叶、枕叶皮质引流静脉各1支;C组(假手术组)5只,仅行开颅加切开硬脑膜处理,3组在造模后8h、24h、48h分别进行DSA检查,脑含水量、脑梗死率和静脉血栓形成率统计,大体标本、光镜对照研究。结果电凝法闭塞兔皮质引流静脉的成功率为100%,造模后经DSA证实所有电凝闭塞的皮质引流静脉已完全闭塞。A、B两组脑组织含水量与C组比较,均有升高(均P<0.01),B组造模后8h、24h、48h较A组对应时段脑组织含水量均明显增高(均P<0.01)。B组相邻2支皮质引流静脉电凝闭塞后的脑梗死率和静脉血栓形成率较A组均明显增加(均P<0.05),假手术组均未见上述异常表现。结论电凝法制作的皮质引流静脉闭塞模型成功率高,稳定性和重复性好,是研究皮质静脉闭塞的理想模型。

Objective To establish an acute cortical draining vein occlusion model in rabbits with bipolar electrocoagulation. Methods Thirty-five rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups. Group A （n=15） was the operation group in which a cortical draining vein in the parietal lobe was coagulated. Group B （n=15） was the operation group in which both of cortical draining veins in the occipital and parietal lobe were coagulated. Group C （n=5） was the sham-operated group in which the craniotomy was performed and dura mater was incised. Digital subtraction angiography （DSA） and a comparative study of macroscopic examination and light microscopy were performed at 8, 24 and 48 h after operation separately. The water content of brain, brain infarction rate and formation rate of venous thrombus in cortical draining veins or anastomotic veins were calculated at the same time. Results The success rate of cortical draining vein occlusion in rabbits with bipolar electrocoagulation was 100%. The veins were completely blocked, which was confirmed by postoperative DSA. The water contents in brain tissue in both group A and B were higher than those in group C （both P〈0.01）. The water contents in brain tissue of group B were higher than those of group A at 8, 24 and 48 h after operation （all P〈0.01）. The rates of brain infarction and thrombosis of group B with occlusion of two adjacent conical veins after operation were remarkably higher than those of group A （all P〈0.05）. However, no manifestations mentioned above were found in group C. Conclusions The rabbit model of acute conical draining vein occlusion established by coagulation has high success rate, good stability and reproducibility, thus being an ideal model for studying the cortical draining vein occlusion.