北方五省腰椎间盘突出症危险因素研究

Case-control study of the risk factors of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation in 5 northern provinces of China

目的分析北方五省汉族腰椎间盘突出症人群的危险因素。方法采用病例-对照研究方法,以CT和(或)MRI确诊腰椎间盘突出症者2010人为病例组;随机选择体检人员或住院病人中无腰背及坐骨神经痛史且腰椎功能正常者2170人为对照。问卷调查腰椎间盘突出症家族史、职业史、吸烟和工作中社会心理等项目,数据用Logistic回归模型分析。结果腰椎间盘突出症家族史危险性最高(OR=3.551),其次是腰椎负荷(OR=2.132)、勤快(OR=1.763)、业余运动(OR=0.435)、睡床类型(OR=0.364)进入模型。结论腰椎间盘突出症家族史、腰椎负荷和工作中勤快是腰椎间盘突出症的主要危险因素,业余运动和睡硬床可能有一定积极的保护作用。

Objective To explore the risk factors of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation in the 5 northern provinces of China.Methods A total of 2010 patients with established diagnosis of lumbar disc herniation by CT and/or MRI and 2170 control subjects without a history of low back pain or sciatica were randomly selected from the community population and hospitalized patients.The family history of lumbar disc herniation,occupations,smoking status,and occupational psychosocial factors were investigated.Results The positivity of family history of lumbar disc herniation was the highest risk factor（OR=3.551） followed by lumbar load（OR=2.132） and hard work（OR=1.763）.Physical exercises（OR=0.435） were significantly related with the disease,and the OR of the type of bed was 0.364.Conclusion A family history of lumbar disc herniation,lumbar load and hard work are the major risk factors for lumbar disc herniation,and physical exercises and sleeping not in soft bed might be a protective factor against the disease.