脂肪组织来源干细胞促进软组织创面愈合的实验研究

Transplantation of adipose tissue-derived stem cells promotes soft tissue wound repair in rats

目的探讨大鼠脂肪组织来源干细胞(rADSCs)对软组织创面的促愈作用并比较全身和局部注射两种移植途径的有效性。方法分离培养获得SD大鼠的ADSCs,体外进行成脂、成骨、成神经的诱导分化鉴定。在大鼠背部制作软组织缺损创面模型,分别经创面局部点状注射和尾静脉注入全身途径移植DiI标记的ADSCs,移植细胞数为2.4×106/只。术后3、7、11、14d观察创口收缩率,愈合时间等,24d收集创面组织标本行荧光显微镜及常规HE染色观察。结果 rADSCs具有成脂、成骨、成神经分化潜能。局部途径在术后3d即可见显著的创面收缩,全身途径在术后7d创面收缩开始加速,这两组创面愈合时间均短于对照组,但两组间比较无显著性差异。组织学观察发现细胞移植组较对照组肉芽丰富,成纤维细胞、腺样结构及新生血管形成更明显。结论 rADSCs对软组织创伤具有促愈作用,局部较全身移植途径起效快且发挥作用更明显。

Objective To assess the effect of local and intravenous transplantation of adipose tissue-derived stem cells （ADSCs） in promoting soft tissue wound healing in rats. Methods ADSCs isolated from the adipose tissues of SD rats were cultured in vitro,and the third-passage cells were identified for their capacity of multipotent differentiation. Eighteen SD rats with 1.8 cm2 dorsal full-thickness soft tissue defects （0.5 cm deep） were randomized into 3 groups to receive injection of 3.0× 106 DiI-labeled ADSCs via the tail vein,local injection of the cells at the wound site,or injection of saline （control）. The wound healing was evaluated on days 3,7,11,and 14 postoperatively. On day 24 after the injury,tissue samples at the wound site were collected for fluorescent microscopy and HE staining. Results The ADSCs obtained were capable of adipogenic,osteogenic,and neurogenic differentiation in vitro. ADSCs transplantation significantly promoted wound healing as compared to the control group. Obvious wound contracture was observed in the local injection group on day 3 and in the intravenous injection group on day 7. Fluorescence microscopy revealed DiI-positive cells in the healing wound,and HE staining showed a greater tissue thickness at the wound in the two ADSCs transplantation groups. Compared to the control group,the two ADSCs transplantation groups showed more gland-like structures and better neovascularization at the wound. Conclusion ADSCs can significantly promote wound healing in rats,and local injection of ADSCs allows more rapid and obvious wound healing than tail veil injection of the stem cells.