高拱坝泄洪布置形式与消能防冲设计中的若干问题探讨

Inquiry upon Some Problems on Flood relief Layout and Dissipation energy Design in High Arch Dam

对高拱坝泄洪消能中的若干突出问题进行了综述与分析。针对其泄洪消能特点，探讨了解决消能防冲的基本途径，如坝身孔口布置及与之适应的坝下消能形式（水垫塘）。分析了水垫塘内水流结构与消能机理，从而要求水垫塘有足够的消能体积与水垫深度。

Several key problems on energy dissipation of high arch dams are reviewed and analyzed.Considering the distinguishing features of flood relief and energy dissippation of this type,basic ways for dissipating energy are explored including various layouts of orifices and plunge pool forms in accordance with them.The flow structure in the plunge pool and its energy dissipation mechanism are analysed.From this it follows that the plunge pool must possess an enough volume and a reasonable water depth.Finally,some opinions on protection standard of a plunge pool in design and protection measures of its bottom plates are proposed.