传统民居庭院的文化审美意蕴——以湖南传统庭院式民居为例

Cultural Aesthetic Meaning of the Court-yard of Traditional Folk Dwelling:Take the Court-yard of Traditional Folk Dwelling in Hunan Province as An Axample

建筑是人类文化的重要载体,传统建筑文化审美可以从建筑生成环境系统、建筑文化传统和建筑的审美特征等三个层面展开。该文结合对湖南传统民居庭院的布局方式、人文精神、使用功能和审美价值观的分析,从文化审美的中观和微观两个层面论述了中国传统民居庭院在体现"礼乐"和鸣的宗法伦理观、"天人合一"的哲学观、阴阳有序的"四象"时空观、审美特征等方面的文化审美意蕴。指出庭院式布局具有诸多优势和潜能,从文化审美角度观照传统民居的精神内涵和艺术特征,有助于扩大传统民居研究的视野。

Architecture is a important carrier of human culture.The cultural aesthetic of traditional architecture mainly concerned on the making and environment system,the cultural tradition,the aesthetic features of architecture.By analyzing the pattern of layout,human spirits,functions of use and aesthetic value views of folk dwellings with cortile in Hunan province,this paper discusses the cultural aesthetic meaning of court-yard of traditional folk dwellings in reflecting the thoughts of Chinese traditional＂courtesy and music＂order,the philosophical views of＂Man is an integrated part of nature,＂the spatio-temporal conceptions of＂four seasons＂,the aesthetic features from the two aspects of medium and macroscopic of cultural aesthetic.Points out that the layout with cortile possessed a good many advantages and potentials,that analyse the spiritual connotation and artistic features of traditional folk dwellings from the perspective of cultural aesthetic can contribute to enlarging the research fields of traditional folk dwellings.