清末民初的“纪年”变革与国家建构

The Change of Chronology and the National Construction in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republican China

清末,中国传统时间思维受到西方线性时间观念的冲击而发生根本变革,纪年变革就是这种变化最为直接的表现。知识分子将纪年视为建构"现代国家"的重要方面,并为争夺纪年所具有的政治资源展开激烈论争。民国建立之后,革命党人将建构新纪年体系视为革新政治的重要标志,并在社会上大力播扬新纪年的意义,此做法却受到了普通民众的抵制。时间观念及与之相伴的生活习俗与现实政治之间的复杂关系是近代社会变革的重要论题。

In the late Qing Dynasty,the Chinese traditional time thought changed by western linear time concept,the Christian change was the most direct performance.Chinese intellectuals regarded chronology as important aspects of national construction,and launched a fierce debate for political resources.After the establishment of Republican China,the Revolutionary party constructed new accounts innovation system as an important symbol of politics,and the disperse vigorously the significance of new Chronology,which was given a boycott of the common people.The relationship between the concept of time,even the concomitant customs and political reality were an important topic of modern social change.